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How much do you know about LED drive power?

December 29, 2022

Input voltage range

The user sees that the marked input voltage range on the power supply is 85-265VAC, but in actual use it is 100-240VAC. In fact, during the safety certification, the so-called stricter ±10% test will be carried out, so the power supply specification defines There is no problem in the use of the voltage range; and the marking on the power supply is to meet the safety regulations and ensure that the user can input the power supply correctly.

■Power Factor (PFC)

PFC (Power Factor Correction) power factor correction is mainly to improve the ratio of effective power to apparent power at the input end of the power supply. Generally, for models without PFC circuit, the power factor at the input end is only 0.4~0.6, but with active PFC circuit, it can reach more than 0.95. The correlation formula is as follows:

Apparent power = input voltage × input current (VA)

Effective power - input voltage × input current × power factor (W)

From the point of view of environmental protection: the electric power company's power plant must generate electric energy greater than the apparent power, so that its generator set can stably supply the electric energy demand of the market, and the actual use of electric energy is the effective power. If the power factor is 0.5, it means that the generator set can generate more than 2VA of electricity to safely supply the demand of 1W of electric energy, and its energy operation efficiency is poor. Conversely, if the power factor is improved to 0.95, then as long as the generating set of the power company generates more than 1.06VA of power, there will be no problem in supplying 1W of electric energy, and the energy operation efficiency is better.

■Protection function

Over-voltage/over-current/over-load/over-temperature fault protection means that when the power supply fails to work normally due to changes in internal and external conditions such as input power, load, environment, cooling circuit or device failure, the safety of the power supply is threatened. The protection action that occurs when the relevant circuit function is activated.

OVP.Over Voltage Protection, a feature of the switching power supply circuit, protects the switching power supply and load when abnormal high voltage appears at the output terminal.

Undervoltage protection: When the power supply voltage of the protected line is lower than a certain value, the protector cuts off the line; when the power supply voltage returns to the normal range, the protector automatically turns on.

OCP: Over Current Protection, in the DC switching power supply circuit, in order to protect the adjustment tube from being burned when the circuit is short-circuited and the current increases. The basic method is that when the output current exceeds a certain value, the adjustment tube is in a reverse biased state, thereby cutting off and automatically cutting off the circuit current.

Short Circuit Protection: Limit the output current of the switching power supply to a safe value in case of short circuit to protect the switching power supply from damage. OTP: Over Temperature Protection, the high integration and light weight and small size of the switching regulator in the DC switching power supply greatly increase the power density per unit volume, so if the internal components of the power supply device have requirements for their working environment If there is no corresponding improvement, the circuit performance will inevitably deteriorate and the components will fail prematurely. Therefore, an overheating protection circuit should be installed in a high-power DC switching power supply.

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